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Concise Report
Skeleton Editing of 2-Aryloxazineswith CF3-ynones Leading to Isoindolone Fused CF3-Benzooxazocines Possessing Potent Anti-ZIKV and Anti-Cancer Activities
Hong Jiang, Kangli Liu, Wenqing Yang, Jiayi Zou, Meng Yuan, Chunhua Ma, Jianhua Wang, Xinying Zhang,* and Xuesen Fan*![]()
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One of the most profound goals of modern organic chemistry is to enrich synthetic method and compound library serving as the foundation of pharmaceutical and material sciences. Meanwhile, the synthesis of structurally complex compounds necessitates tedious multistep procedures. This is certainly not in line with the requirements of green chemistry. Therefore, there is a strong impetus for the development of more concise and sustainable approaches to obtaining such compounds. So far, a number of state-of-the-art strategies for this purpose have been developed. Among them, molecular skeleton editing stands out for its capability of rapidly building or pruning functional molecules. Given the ubiquity of rings in drugs, skeletal editing leading to the generation of biologically privileged cyclic systems is particularly useful. Presented herein is a concise construction of privileged isoindolone fused CF3-benzooxazocine scaffold based on the cascade reaction of 2-aryl-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine 1with CF3-ynone 2. This novel reaction is initiated by aryl C?H alkenylation of 1 with 2 followed by intramolecular aza-Michael addition to form the isoindoline ring, water-promoted oxazine ring-opening and intramolecular oxo-nucleophilic addition to form the oxazocine ring. In forming the isoindoline scaffold, 1 acts as a C3N1 synthon and 2acts as a C1 synthon. In forming the oxazocine skeleton, 1 acts as another version of C3N1 synthon while 2 acts as a C3 synthon and water acts as an O1 synthon. To our knowledge, this is the first example of one-pot tandem generation of both isoindolone and CF3-oxazocine scaffold through directing group-assisted C?H bond activation-initiated skeleton editing of easily obtainable substrates. Importantly, some of the products thus obtained showed excellent in vitro anti-Zika virus (ZIKV) activity and moderate to good anti-proliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines.
Isoindolone fused benzooxazocines | Skeleton editing | 2-Aryl-4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine | CF3-ynone|C?H bond activation | Anti-ZIKV activity | Anti-cancer activity | Cascade reaction
三氟甲基炔酮參與的2-芳基噁嗪骨架編輯:異吲哚酮稠合三氟甲基取代噁嗪的合成及生物活性研究
有機合成化學旨在開發高效且可持續的合成方法并豐富相應的化合物庫,從而有效驅動藥物化學和材料科學等領域的創新和發展。功能有機分子的精準合成往往受限于苛刻的反應條件、復雜的合成步驟和繁瑣的操作過程,從而影響了其在相關研究領域的應用價值。因此,開發更加簡潔和可持續的新方法是有機合成化學研究的核心內容。過渡金屬催化C?H鍵直接官能團化具有反應條件溫和、操作過程簡便、步驟經濟性和原子經濟性好等優點,目前已被廣泛應用于功能有機分子的合成中。
河南師范大學范學森團隊近年來致力于過渡金屬催化C?H官能團化策略的發展與應用(詳見課題組網站https://www.x-mol.com/groups/fan_xuesen)。近日,該課題組通過將過渡金屬催化C?H官能團化和骨架編輯等策略進行有效融合,發展了一種以2-芳基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪和三氟甲基炔酮為原料、通過C?H官能團化引發的串聯反應高效構建異吲哚酮稠合三氟甲基取代噁嗪骨架的新方法(圖1)。
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圖1 異吲哚酮稠合三氟甲基取代噁嗪的合成新方法
作者首先對催化劑、添加劑、溶劑和溫度等反應條件進行了優化。接著,在經優化的反應條件下對底物的適用范圍進行了考察。結果表明,帶有不同官能團的底物均表現出良好的反應性能和兼容性,生成了一系列異吲哚酮稠合三氟甲基取代噁嗪類化合物。為探究產物的生成機制,作者設計并實施了一系列機理實驗。通過分析機理實驗結果并結合相關文獻報道,提出了可能的反應機理(圖2)。最后,還嘗試了克級規模制備和產物的結構衍生化,從而進一步展示了該方法的實用性。
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圖2 可能的反應機理
以利巴韋林為陽性對照物,測試了產物對寨卡病毒(ZIKV)的抑制活性。結果表明,部分產物具有優異的抗ZIKV活性,相應的EC50值在0.7?5.6 μmol/L范圍內。以5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)作為陽性對照,測試了產物對Hela、A549和HCT-116等癌細胞的抗增殖活性。結果表明,部分產物具有與5-FU相當的抗癌活性。
總之,該課題組研究了2-芳基-4H-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪與CF3-炔酮的串聯反應。在此基礎上,開發了一種合成異吲哚酮稠合三氟甲基取代噁嗪的新方法。該反應經由C?H/C?O鍵斷裂和C?C/C?N/C?O/C?O鍵生成實現苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪骨架的重構,在一鍋內形成了異吲哚酮和噁嗪兩種重要雜環。此外,部分產物表現出優異的抗寨卡病毒活性和抗癌活性,具有良好的開發應用前景。該方法具有底物易得、產物價值高以及原子經濟性和步驟經濟性好等優點,有望在有機合成、藥物化學和材料科學等領域的研究中得到應用。
上述研究結果作為Concise Report發表于Chin. J. Chem. (2026, 44, 198-204. DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.70365)。該項工作得到了國家自然科學基金委、國家藥品監督管理局創新藥物研究與評價重點實驗室、河南省教育廳、河南省有機功能分子與藥物創新重點實驗室、111計劃(D17007)的資助。
認識本文的作者們
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Left to Right: (Top) Hong Jiang, Kangli Liu, Wenqing Yang, Jiayi Zou, Meng Yuan, (Bottom) Chunhua Ma, Jianhua Wang, Xinying Zhang, Xuesen Fan
范學森教授簡介
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河南師范大學 化學化工學院
范學森:二級教授,博士生導師。2003年在浙江大學獲得博士學位,2004-2006年在美國北亞利桑那大學作博士后研究,2007年起就職于河南師范大學化學化工學院。在Chin. J. Chem., Chin. Chem. Lett., J. Med. Chem., Org. Lett., Green Chem.等期刊上發表論文200余篇,被引超5000次,H-index: 41。獲授權發明專利50余件。
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