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Work, Employment and Society

About WES

Work, Employment and Society is a leading international peer-reviewed journal of the British Sociological Association which publishes theoretically informed and original research on the sociology of work.

Work, Employment and Society is an official journal of the British Sociological Association. Work, Employment and Society analyses all forms of work and their relation to wider social processes and structures, and to quality of life. It embraces the study of the labour process; industrial relations; changes in labour markets; and the gender and domestic divisions of labour. It supports contemporary, historical and comparative studies and both qualitative and quantitative methodologies.

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Current Issue

Work, Employment and Society為雙月刊，最新一期（Volume 40 Issue 3, June 2026）設有"PhD Showcase""Articles""On the Front Line""Book Reviews"四個欄目，共計16篇文章，詳情如下。

CONTENTS

Part 1

PhDShowcase

Making Sense of Exploitation: Teenage Workers’ Experiences of Unpaid Labour in Low-Wage Service Jobs

Anna Kallos

This article explores the rationales through which teenage students make sense of and legitimise unpaid labour in low-wage service jobs, contributing to theorising how such exploitation becomes normalised as part of their working lives. Based on 40 in-depth interviews with working school students in Sweden, it focuses on experiences of wage theft and coercive extra shifts, understood as employer strategies to extract unpaid labour time. The analysis identifies three key rationales, shaped by various discourses, through which teenagers made sense of these exploitative practices: framing them as secondary to self-investing in employability, downplaying them as an expected aspect of student jobs, and interpreting them in relation to their perceived vulnerability as young workers. These rationales outline a discursive terrain through which exploitative practices became ambivalently accepted as part of working life, with teenage workers often assuming individual responsibility for their conditions.

Fixed-term Employment and Subjective Well-being: A Comparison of Natives, Migrants and Refugees

Laura Go?ner, Maye Ehab

This article examines the impact of fixed-term employment on subjective well-being among natives, migrants and refugees in Germany and the underlying mechanisms of this relationship. Utilizing longitudinal data from 2016 to 2021, we employ fixed-effects panel models and mediation analyses. We find that refugees experience stronger negative effects of fixed-term employment on their well-being than natives and migrants, especially shortly after their arrival. For migrants and natives, subjective job insecurity significantly mediates these effects, while it is less relevant for refugees. Our results indicate that it is essential to acknowledge the heterogeneous effects for vulnerable groups when studying the impact of fixed-term employment. During their integration process, refugees encounter complex labour market challenges which can pose threats to their subjective well-being. Therefore, we suggest engaging more in debates about non-standard forms of employment and taking aspects of the quality of employment into account when designing integration measures for this group.

Part 2

Articles

Ambivalent Inclusion: Older Workers, Diversity Agendas and the Persistence of the Ideal Worker

Myra Hamilton, Marian Baird, Angela Kintominas, Alison Williams

This article explores how older workers experience inclusion and exclusion in two large Australian public sector organisations with strong diversity and inclusion (D&I) agendas. Applying detailed qualitative analysis and drawing on the concepts of the ideal worker and structured ambivalence, it examines how older employees navigate workplaces that promote inclusion while marginalising ageing workers. Participants benefited from certain policies but also encountered persistent age-based stereotypes that framed them as less capable and productive, based on chrononormative expectations and assumptions about older workers’ cognitive and physical capacities. These contradictions produced structured ambivalence – simultaneous experiences of inclusion and exclusion shaped by conflicting institutional norms. Consequently, the ideal worker norm, while more flexible for some groups, such as mothers of young children, remains stubborn for older workers, who may conceal their age or downplay their needs to maintain a viable worker identity. The findings call for age-inclusive D&I frameworks.

Neo-craft Work as Meaningful Work: Longing for Resonance

Alessandro Gandini, Gianmarco Peterlongo, Marta Tonetta

This article illustrates the most common trajectories that bring workers of different walks of life to undertake a career in ‘neo-craft’ work. This is a postindustrial form of craft work whereby manual occupations that are traditionally considered to be low-status, or performed by the working class, are transformed into ‘cool’ jobs through the infusion of craft principles. Based on extensive qualitative research in the European Union, we show how neo-craft work has been the beneficiary of patterns of exit from other forms of waged work, both preceding and following the pandemic, and document the motivations underpinning these workers’ professional reconversions. Drawing from social theorist Hartmut Rosa, we argue that neo-craft work is considered to be meaningful since it is perceived as a conveyor of resonance, and propose to consider resonance as an emergent dimension of meaningful work.

Algorithmically Managing Risk and the Risk of Managing Algorithms in Australian Homecare: A Managerial Perspective

Rick Sullivan, Myra Hamilton, Alex Veen

This article examines how algorithmic management (re)shapes managerial understandings of risk within homecare. Engaging with the sociology of risk and care theory, we extend algorithmic management debates by examining its application in homebased disability and aged care. Drawing upon interviews with senior managers (n = 15) from Australian homecare organisations, we explore how algorithmic management influences how risk is recognised and responsibilised. A notable difference of algorithmic management in homecare compared with other sectors is that a primary use for these systems is to support compliance and reduce harm, with the management of risks framed as a key care practice for managers. Our findings reveal that in homecare these systems, from a care perspective, enable organisations to operationalise risk, yet at the same time, institutionalise new managerial rationalities that both recalibrate and complicate care oversight. Finally, our findings highlight the importance of regulatory pressures in shaping how algorithmic management is used.

A Contextual Model of Moral Injury: Redefining Trauma in Frontline Professions through Ethics and Context

Tine Molendijk

To date, the interrelations between mental health and ethical challenges in frontline professions, such as the military, police and health care, have remained underexamined. This article addresses this gap by developing a contextual model of moral injury: psychosocial trauma resulting from morally significant experiences. This model is the result of grounded theory research with 50 expert interviews, 250?hours of participant observation and 170 interviews with former military and police personnel, iteratively analysed through an emerging multidisciplinary framework, including the concepts of moral injury, dirty work and recognition. The framework encompasses personal, situational, occupational, organisational, socio-political and technical dimensions. This study both contributes to a paradigm shift in understanding trauma and advances sociological research on the experience of frontline work. It expands the focus beyond individual pathology to include ethical and contextual dimensions of moral injury, providing comprehensive insight into the omnipresent and complex moral-psychological dimensions of frontline work.

Who You Know or What You Know? Job Search and Matching in the Presence of Network-Based Recruitment

Jamelia Harris

This article analyses how employers and university-educated jobseekers behave when networks are overly used, and connections supersede merit in recruitment. It advances the debate by exploring the effects of networks on how the labour market for the university-educated functions, and how the normalisation of network-based recruitment affects this segment of the labour market. Using data from Sierra Leone, findings show that overuse of networks for recruitment can be harmful to the labour market, and is reminiscent of Schelling’s model where individual incentives lead to a collective result that is less desirable. Actions by firms promote perceptions of unfairness in the labour market. Jobseekers search based on the perceived probability of being recruited due to network membership, and not on the most compatible or desired job. The data show that some unconnected workers respond by limiting search, exiting the labour market, becoming underemployed, or attempting to build networks.

Labour Governance of Platforms: Market-Making and Market-Shaping in Delivery and Care Sectors in Belgium

Ladin Bayurgil, Valeria Pulignano, Stefan Kirchner

Scholarly work on labour platforms has primarily examined labour governance in relation to the role of algorithmic management in labour control. This article instead argues that platform labour governance involves organising and structuring the broader market environment to ensure a continuous and adaptable labour supply. We showcase the processes of ‘market-making’ and ‘market-shaping’ to explain how labour platforms in food delivery and care service sectors in Belgium engage with their market environments, which feature distinctive local regulations. While delivery platforms act as a market-maker by entering an emerging, yet-to-be-regulated market to organise a disposable and adaptable labour supply, care platforms act as a market-shaper by entering an established and formalised market to shift the workforce from formal employment relations to informal ones. This research thus explains how platforms’ strategies of labour supply as a form of labour governance account for how platforms actively engage with their service market environments.

Enhancing Career Studies with Realist Social Theory

Andrew Kozhevnikov, Wolfgang Mayrhofer, Katharina Chudzikowski

This conceptual article contributes to the theoretical development of career studies by responding to calls for a robust social theory that would support the advancement of career research. While the theories of Bourdieu, Giddens and Luhmann (and some others) have had some resonance, alternative broad theoretical frameworks are still needed to tackle unresolved issues. Proposing Realist Social Theory (RST) as one such alternative, this article outlines four key contributions that this theoretical framework can offer to further advance career scholarship. The article explicitly invites a plurality of voices to further fuel conversations about the future theorisation of career studies and to take part in debates about suitable ways forward in this endeavour.

Agency through Informality: How Bangladeshi Restaurant Owners Navigate Structural Constraints in Times of Crisis

Monder Ram, Imelda McCarthy, Trevor Jones, Daniel Musa Mafulul

How do Bangladeshi restaurant owners exercise agency during periods of extreme uncertainty? This question matters most when resource-constrained businesses face existential threats. This longitudinal study examines Bangladeshi-owned restaurants across multiple crises, identifying three agency forms operating through informal practices: navigational (contextual adaptations), relational (social network mobilisation) and innovative (entrepreneurial repositioning). Despite facing similar structural constraints, restaurants exhibited divergent trajectories reflecting their differential deployment of these agency forms. The study advances mixed embeddedness theory by providing a dynamic account of how entrepreneurs actively engage with structural contexts rather than merely responding to them. It contributes to employment relations literature by reconceptualising informality not as a compensatory response to disadvantage but as a strategic resource through which entrepreneurs exercise agency during structural constraints while maintaining operational flexibility. This perspective shows how informal employment practices serve as sophisticated mechanisms for balancing worker needs with business imperatives in challenging conditions.

Glocalising Union Organising: How Access to Power Resources Enables and Constrains Global Union Federation Campaigns in the Global South

Santanu Sarkar, Andy Charlwood

Global union federations’ (GUFs’) global campaigns are key institutions of labour transnationalism. They aim to enhance the living and working conditions for workers worldwide, including in the Global South. However, existing theory does not fully explain observed patterns in campaign outcomes. In a context where many transnational campaigns fail to achieve substantive gains for workers, what makes some campaigns succeed? Why are such successes rare? This article addresses these questions by drawing on power resource theory as a lens to investigate the successes and limitations of two GUF campaigns in Nestlé and GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) in India. Campaign successes were the result of the glocalisation of the organising model of trade unionism. This means that campaigns adapted the organising model ideas and practices to local conditions by working with strong local partners. In doing this, they created associational power resources through the iterative development of coalitional and ideational power resources. Therefore, the overall contribution is to show how successful GUF campaigns build union power resources through the glocalisation of the organising model. It also highlights the structural constraints that make it hard for GUFs to scale this approach.

Managing Stigma and Perpetuating Ableism: How Frontline Workers Navigate Disclosure When Encouraging Employers to Hire Disabled People

Camilla Stub Lundberg, Per Koren Solvang

Although disability disclosure is extensively researched, little is known about how professionals disclose disability on behalf of others. This article examines how frontline workers involved in active labour market policies (ALMPs) employ stigma management strategies when encouraging employers to hire disabled people. As employer engagement is central to ALMPs, disclosure emerges as a critical site for analysis. The study draws on group interviews with Norwegian work inclusion professionals (counsellors, employment specialists, and market coordinators) who assist disabled jobseekers. A theoretical framework connecting stigma and ableism was developed, contributing to the sociology of work literature by analysing how ableist norms of productivity are contested and reproduced in their management of stigma. Analysis revealed four disclosure approaches: familiarisation, facilitation, targeting, and self-disclosing, shaped by individual and environmental factors. These approaches involve interpersonal contact and consideration of timing and selectivity, highlighting the dilemmatic nature of disclosure within welfare systems where ableism persists.

Part 3

On the Front Line

‘Frightening Yet Fulfilling’: Vulnerability, Precarity and the Labour of Harm Reduction

Guillaume Dumont, Felix

Harm reduction workers minimise the adverse health, social, and legal consequences of drug use through their engagement with people who use drugs (PWUD). Felix, a nurse overseeing drug use at a harm reduction facility in Barcelona, offers a glimpse into the hidden realities of their work. His account reveals how exposure to structural inequalities and violence shapes the socially situated experience of vulnerability at work. Taking us into his social relations with PWUD, he explains how these relations help him mitigate his exposure to violence and are emotionally rewarding, while heightening his vulnerability. His vulnerability is also shaped and redefined by the uncertain, unstable and insecure work arrangements explicitly imposed by his employer. By shedding light on how vulnerability and precarity intertwine during harm reduction work, this account unpacks the subjectivity-making process central to workers’ experiences of precariousness.

Part 4

Book Review

Book review: Jan Drahokoupil and Kurt Vandaele (eds), A Modern Guide to Labour and the Platform Economy

Peter Bloom

Book review: Tim Butcher, Creative Work Beyond Precarity: Learning to Work Together

Alexandrina Vanke

Nihan Akyelken, Women, Work and Mobilities: The Case of Urban and Regional Contexts in Turkey and Sonia Bertolini, Valentina Goglio and Dirk Hof?cker, Job Insecurity and Life Courses

Devika Bahadur

以上就是本期外刊吃瓜的全部內容啦！

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《中國社會學學刊》（The Journal of Chinese Sociology）于2014年10月由中國社會科學院社會學研究所創辦。作為中國大陸第一本英文社會學學術期刊，JCS致力于為中國社會學者與國外同行的學術交流和合作打造國際一流的學術平臺。JCS由全球最大科技期刊出版集團施普林格·自然(Springer Nature)出版發行，由國內外頂尖社會學家組成強大編委會隊伍，采用雙向匿名評審方式和“開放獲取”(open access)出版模式。JCS已于2021年5月被ESCI收錄。2022年，JCS的CiteScore分值為2.0（Q2），在社科類別的262種期刊中排名第94位，位列同類期刊前36%。2023年，JCS在科睿唯安發布的2023年度《期刊引證報告》（JCR）中首次獲得影響因子并達到1.5（Q3）。2025年JCS最新影響因子1.3，位列社會學領域期刊全球前53%（Q3）。2026年，JCS在科睿唯安發布的2026年度《期刊引證報告》（JCR）中影響因子為2.7，躋身JCR Q1區。

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